       .   -  ,    ,       , ,  .     I Love You,   2000   ,   $8 . ""     ,              . . ,  2003   "" Blaster,    1 . . " "     ,    ,          ,  ,      .  " " QAZ    2002         Microsoft.
 
        .  ,     SoBig,    2003      ,    .
 
1945 .  . -     \Grace Murray Hopper,    - ,   ,  -  (  )   .   ,     .      ""\bug,  ,        19  (       ).      "  "\debugging,      ,       .
 
1949 .       \John von Naumann      .       ,       .
 
 1950 . ,      Bell,  :   ,      .    .
 
1963 .       \Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)  \J.C.R.Licklider       .
 
1969 . ARPA     ARPANET.     ,   ,       .
 
 1960- .   .        ,   ,     ,    ,    ,  ,         . ,    ,    ,   Univax 1108.   Pervading Animal      -     .
 
1974 .   Telenet -   ARPANET.
 
1975 .  Telenet       The Creeper.           The Reeper.
 
1979 .      Xerox    ""\worm. 
 
1981 .  Elk Cloner   Apple.    ""  .
 
1983 .   \Fred Cohen       " ".
 
1984 .    \William Gibson    ""\cyberspace.
 
1986 .     IBM PC -  The Brain.  -    ,    ""  "",      .    ,    .     The Brain           .     ,           .
 
1987 .          .      \Ralph Burger.   " .   "\Computer Viruses. The Decease of High Technologies   ""   .
 
1988 . 23-    "",  ARPANET.     -  6 . .      :     $10 .      .            .
1989 . ARPANET    .
 
      IBM PC.       " " AIDS.               : "   $189  - ".            .
  ,       (" "\The Dark Avenger).    ,       .
 \Cliff Stoll,  Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory    " "\The Cuckoo's Egg,    ,          ,     ,   .          .
1990 .       PC Today.     .
 
1991 .   ,      - VCS v 1.0.
 
1993 .  SatanBug      , .     .    -   12- .
   "  " - ,          .        ,    ..        The New York Times.
 
1994 .  , ,     .   .
 
1995 .  Microsoft  -   Windows-95  ,  .
 
 ,       .  Concept   Microsoft Word.
 
1998 .     ,    500  .       \Defense Department   ,       ,  ""    .       "  ".
 
1999 .        .  Melissa         $80 .           .
 
 2000 .   Melissa   I Love You!,       .  ,     ,     -       .            .
 
    (  , Yahoo!, eBay, Amazon)          DOS -  (   -   ,      ).    :      ,   ""    .   ,      (     ),     .
 
2001 . 20-     \Jan De Wit    150         Anna Kournikova.    ,        ,   " "  .        7.5 . .    ,    ,         - .
 
2002 .      .  Melissa - 33-   \ David L. Smith,   20   .
 
2002 .    13  -,    .  ,            .
 
2003 .     "" Slammer,  75. .     10 .
 
    \State Department,    .         9     .
        . 22-  \Simon            Gokar, Redesi   Admirer,   27 .   42  .